Low Concentration Reconstruction Challenge in Magnetic Particle Imaging (LCR-MPI)

1. Introduction

The proposed challenge aims to advance the development of robust and high-quality reconstruction algorithms tailored for magnetic particle imaging (MPI) under low tracer concentration conditions. MPI is an emerging noninvasive imaging modality that enablesreal-time visualization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, offering significant potential for applications in oncology, cardiovascular imaging, and stem cell tracking. However, the reconstruction process in MPI is inherently ill-conditioned, particularly at low concentrations, where signal-to-noise ratios degrade, leading to artifacts, reduced resolution, and inaccurate quantification. This challenge focuses on field free line MPI (FFL-MPI) setups, which have been increasingly adopted for human-scale systems and clinical translation due to their ability to provide potential high sensitivity. By soliciting innovative signal processing and machine learning-based solutions, the challenge seeks to address critical barriers in clinical MPI adoption, such as reducing biological toxicity and meeting the demands of cellular tracking applications. Participants will be tasked with reconstructing high-fidelity images from simulated and real lowconcentration FFL MPI datasets, evaluating metrics like structural similarity, peak signal-to-noise ratio, and quantitative accuracy.

2. Organizers

3. Timeline

December 1st, 2025
Registration Opens, Each team needs to register on MPILab challenge before receiving the data
December 7th, 2025
Dataset Release
January 15th, 2026
Validation on Leaderboard
February 26th, 2026
Paper Submission Deadline (4 pages paper in IEEE ISBI format, EDAS, Challenge Track)

Submit your challenge paper on the EDAS platform. The review period remains open for two weeks, while method evaluations continue in parallel during this time (i.e. challenge is still running).

March 1st, 2026
Reviews Released on EDAS Authors receive reviews and have one week to address comments and make minor updates to the manuscript/method description.
March 15th, 2026
Camera-ready Deadline

Upload the final paper on EDAS. Ensure your method artifacts (e.g., code/models) are prepared for possible verification. Organizers finalize the ranking.

March 20th, 2026
Presentation Format Notification
April 8–11th, 2026
Winners Announced Final results and award announcements during ISBI 2026.
Note

Final dates follow the official ISBI 2026 schedule. Please refer to the ISBI Challenge page for any updates.

ISBI Challenge page: https://biomedicalimaging.org/2026/challenges/

4. Datasets

December 7th, 2025: Dataset Release

Go To Download

5. Evaluation Metrics

Metric Description Purpose
Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) Measures structure similarity between reconstructed and reference high-concentration images Fidelity and structure preservation
Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) Quantifies signal quality relative to reconstruction noise Noise suppression and contrast quality
Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) Measures normalized reconstruction error relative to the ground truth Global reconstruction accuracy

Primary and Secondary Ranking Rules

(1) Primary Ranking Metric

The Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) is designated as the primary determinant of the final ranking.

  • Teams will first be ranked in descending order of SSIM (higher is better).
  • This reflects the challenge's primary goal of achieving high-fidelity image reconstruction under low tracer concentrations.
(2) Secondary Metrics (Tie-breaking rules)

If two or more teams achieve SSIM scores within 0.005 of each other, the following hierarchical tie-breakers will be applied sequentially:

  • PSNR - higher value preferred
  • NRMSE - lower error value preferred
(3) Metric Weighting (for overall analysis, not ranking)

While only SSIM determines the official ranking, a weighted composite score will be reported for analysis and publication:

Composite Score Formula

\[ S_{\text{composite}} = 0.5 \times SSIM + 0.3 \frac{PSNR}{PSNR_{\max}} + 0.2 \times \left(1 - \frac{NRMSE}{NRMSE_{\max}}\right) \]

PSNRmax is the maximum PSNR among all valid participant submissions. It serves as the normalization reference when computing the composite score.

The computation rule is that for each team, compute the average PSNR across all test images (in dB) and defined as:

\[ PSNR_{\max} = \max_i (PSNR_i) \]

Where PSNRi denotes the average PSNR of the ith participant and the usage in scoring of each team's PSNR is normalized as: PSNRi/PSNRmax

NRMSEmax is defined as the largest NRMSE value observed among all participant submissions:

\[ NRMSE_{\max} = \max_i (NRMSE_i) \]

Where NRMSEi is the normalized root mean square error for team i, calculated as:

\[ NRMSE_i = \frac{ \sqrt{\frac{1}{N} \sum_{k=1}^{N} (I_{i,k} - I_{H,k})^2} }{ \max(I_H) - \min(I_H) } \]

where Ii,k and IH,k representing pixel values in the reconstructed and high concentration images.

Note: This composite score is supplementary and will not affect the official ranking order.